Apparatus for cleaning or scouring and clipping oats



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D. HOGAN. APPARATUS FOR CLEANING 0R SGOURING AND GLIPPING OATS, &c.

Patented 001;. 1, 1895.

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D. HOGAN. APPARATUS FOR CLEANING 0R SGOUBING AND ULIPPING OATS, &c.

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ANDREW BJSRANAM.PKOTUYLITXIOAWASHINGTONDC 6w. Patented Oct. 1, 1895.

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ANDREW \LGRAHAM. PNOTOUTHQWASHINGTOND C.

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APPARATUS FOR CLEANING 0R SCOURIN'G' AND GLIPPING OATS No. 547,398.

Witnesses Nrrao States ssv ATENT FFHQE.

DANIEL HOGAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent N0. 547,398, dated October1, 1895..

Application filed May 11, 1895. S ial No. 548,999. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DANIEL HOGAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Cleaningor Securing and Clipping Oats and other Small Grains, which improvementsare fully set forth in .the following specification, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, in which-- Figure 1 is a sectional sideview of my apparatus with the side removed, showing the working parts.Fig. 2 is a side view showing the outside belt and other connectionsbetween the working parts. Fig. 3 is a top view of the screens. Fig. 4is a top view of part of the lower screen adjacent to the exhaust-fanand to the cylinder containing the cleaning, scouring, and clippingreel. Fig. 5 is an end view of the cleaning, scouring, and clippingreel. Fig. 6 isavertical sectional view of the cleaning and clippingreel. Figs. 7 and 8 are top or plan views of sheet-metal screens usedinstead of wire-gauze.

A, in all the drawings, is a screen upon which the grain to be cleanedor clipped is fed from above through the spout S. The meshes of thescreen A are of a size sufficient to allow the grain to pass readilythrough it onto the tight bed or bottom B, upon which it is carried tothe cylinder 0 through spout s to be cleaned and clipped, while thelarger sticks, stones, leaves, and other trash are carried along overand past the opening of the cleaning-cylinder C on the extension of thescreen A, as shown in the drawings.

The screen A and the bottom or bed B are rigidly fastened to each otherand are secured in proper frame by hangers T, that both sieve A and bed13 may be vibrated or oscillated vertically, laterally, or transversely,as may be desired, by eccentric E or other suitable device. Eccentric Eis connected to said bed, as at e e, and actuated by a belt or otherconnection, substantially as shown at D D, Fig. 2, that all largerforeign bodies shall be thrown off and discharged over the tail orextension of screen A.

The screen or sieve A and bed B are inclined downward toward thecylinder 0, so

that the grain will run down into the cylinder C, where it meets thereel R, as herein described. The space between the bed or bottom B andthe screen or sieve A is open and unobstructed, save for the supports bI), set in longitudinal rows to sustain the screen at a proper distancefrom bed B.

C, Fig. 1, is a cylinder in two parts, composed of sheet metal or othersuitable mate- 'rial, equalinlength to the Width of the screens A A, andis in two parts, C and C C is curved into a part of a circle,corresponding to the periphery of the reel R and of about three-fourthsof the circumference of said reel R. The ends of this section arefastened into circular ends Z, as shown in Fig. 2, which are thensecured in proper framework. The edges of section C are so turned as toform one portion of the lips or sides of the inlet S and outlet 0, asshown in Fig. 1.

0 Fig. 1, is a section of the case 0, corresponding in length to sectionC and described as follows: Material may be metal or wood, as desired.The upper lip or edge is turned outward, as shown at C Fig. l, to form,with the corresponding edge of C, at suitable distance apart, the inletor hopper S. corresponding in length to the section C. The other orlower edge is turned outward, as shown at Y, to form, with the loweredge of C and at a proper distance therefrom, the outlet-spout O. Thislower edge Yis shaped as shown. The inner side of spout thus formed iswider, contracting outwardly to the discharge by the formation of theangular recess O, of such extent as may be desired, varying indifferentsized machines. The purpose of this recess is to receive thegrain and prevent it being carried upward and around again by thescouring-reel B. This grain being thrown against this point by theaction of the reel R, the tendency is to force it outward through spout0 onto screen A. This part'C is adjustable, so that the inlet and outletspouts may be regulated to any width desired. At each end of section Cis placed a lug h, forming with a common bolt and projection X, Fig. 2,a hinge, allowing the section to be moved within certain limits, as maybe found necessary. To adjust the proper openings of inlet S andoutlet Othe section is held firmly in place by means of the thumbscrew k andslotted guide-piece P, Fig. 2, at each end of such section. This sectionC is also arranged that it may be moved away from the reel R, that thegrain may pass directly down from spout S to discharge 0 without comingin contact with reel R, thus cleaning and securing the grain withoutclipping or passing through the said cylinder. For this purpose theprojection Xshall be slotted at its connection to end of cylinder, thatit maybe moved backward or forward, as may be desired.

It being observed that the terms clipping and scouring have referenceonly to the action upon the grain while in the cylinder, the clippingconsists in the removal or knocking off of the outside hulls or parts ofthe grain by the reel R while contained in the cylinder, and thescouring that takes place in the cylinder is caused by the friction ofthe grain against the blades of the reel R and the resistance met whenit is thrown against the angular recess 0 just before itleaves thecylinder, thereby catching the grain and affording such resistance astends to aid the scouring process, which term scouring is defined to bethe removal of the beards and loose hulls that yet remain on the grainafter having passed through the cylinder and are by the subsequentprocesses removed. The cylinder scours to a certain extent. The angularrecess takes a portion of what may be left, and as the grain passesalong the screen A it is also subject to a scouring process, which isthe third and last, when it is claimed all loose hulls and beards willhave been removed and the grain brightened and freshened and renderedmore marketable. The grain is clipped in the cylinder only, and the termclipping is defined to mean that each grain of the oats or other grainhaving a chaff, hull, or outside covering shall be subjected to theaction of the reel in operation in such amanner that the said outsidecovering, chaff, or hull shall be removed or detached from the kernel ofsuch grain either in whole or in part, leaving the surface of eachkernal new, more solid, and clean.

The grain is cleaned after it is discharged upon the sieve A. By theterm cleaned or cleaning is meant that all foreign substancesdust, dirt,stones, &c.are removed, as well as all beards, hulls, or particlesclipped and scoured from the grain itself, which are all separated andtaken away from the grain, thereby leaving it pure and in bettermerchantable condition.

It will be observed that the securing operation takes place in thecylinder in the angular recess and on the sieve A. The clippingoperation, where greater force is needed and used, only takes place inthe cylinder. The cleaning operation only takes place after it is thrownout upon the screen A, the coarser of the debris passing over, and thedust, beards,

and finer particles being drawn through said screen A.

It will be seen that while the operation of cleaning and securing can beperformed to a measurable extent without the use of the reel R andcylinder, yet the operation of clipping can only be performed by theiruse.

A is a screen of awidth equal to the length of the cylinder C, and withmeshes of such size as to retain the grain on the screen and permit onlythe dirt and fine rubbish to pass through it, and is placed immediatelybelow the outlet 0 and so as to receive the grain as it leaves thecylinder 0, and is inclined downward so as to carry off the cleaned andclipped grain to a bin or other receptacle. Although by me called ascreen, this consists ofa thin sheet of iron of perfectly smooth surfacepunched with small holes-say oneeighth or more of an inch in diameter-atregular intervals, through which the air is exhausted downward bysuction, and in operation holding the grain upon and over the holes inits downward course, rubbing off the dirt and small beards, which areimmediately pulled through said holes by the suction and are droppedupon bed B and passed off. It will be seen that in this operation thelight grain is retained on the screenand passes off with the heavygrain, as no air-current is applied to it directly, so that it may beblown away and pass to the tailings or refuse and become lost, as in allother machines for this purpose now in use.

B is a tight bottom or bed a fewinches below the screen A, which issupported above it in the same manner as the screenAis supported abovethe bottom or bed B. The bed B does not extend the full length of screenA, but at its lower extremity is opened to form a hopper or spout H toreceive the fine dirt, clippings, and heavy foreign substances that arenot otherwise removed and discharged, and discharge them into any properreceptacle. The screen A, with bed B, is attached to and actuated in amanner similar to that shown and described in reference to screen A andbed B.

F, Figs. 1 and 2, is an exhaust-fan inclosed in suitable case G, drivenby belt from any convenient pulley, exhausting the air downward throughthe screen A and the grain thereon, and carrying with the air soexhausted light offal, dirt, clippings, and other foreign substancesthat may be so carried from the space between the screen A and bed B, towhich it is connected by a flexible spout, so that the vibrating oroscillating motion of the frame holding screen A and bed B may not beinterferred with, and discharging into the open air or dust-room, as maybe desirable.

R, Figs. 1, 5, and 6, is the scouring-reel, constructed of wood ormetal, and consists of a series of arms or wings 4), attached at rightangles to an iron or wooden shaft W in any desired number and preferablyof difierent lengths, alternately, as shownin Fig. 5. To these arms orWings 0 are attached, parallel to shaft XV, wooden or metal strips U.The reel R is inclosed in the cylindrical case 0, formed by sections 0and 0 Fig. 1, and is to have a rotary motion by means of a pulley orother device. The greatest diameter of reel R is preferably aboutone-half inch less than the inside diameter of case formed of C and 0but this may be varied at will.

In operation the grain is admitted to screen A, through which it passes,thence through.

spout S, through the reel-cylinder O and 0 where it comes in contactwith the revolving reel arms and blades V and U and is thrown by themagainst the stationary sides of the cylinder, is thoroughly rubbedtogether and against the arms and blades, and is discharged throughspent 0 onto the screen A, which removes all the loosened particles andundesirable substances, and the clean polished grain is discharged overthe tail or end of screen A into any desired spout or bin, and by suchtreatment the beards, rough projections, and dirt adhering to such grainare effectually removed and the grain polished and cleaned, and thusrendered more marketable.

Should it be desired to pass the grain through the cylinder Withoutcoming in contact with reel R, that the grain may be screened, thesection of case 0 may be moved away from said reelR and the grainallowed to pass from bed B to screen A, subjected only to the screeningprocess and the action of the air exhausted through screen A byexhaustfan F.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim to be new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an apparatus for cleaning, scouring and clipping grain, thelongitudinal movable section (3 with the angular recess 0, to enlargethe inner side of discharging outlet 0. at its lower edge, incombination with the fixed section 0. and the securing mechanism shown,to form a complete horizontal inclosure for the scouring, clipping andcleaning reel R. substantially as shown and described, and for thepurpose specified.

2. In an apparatus for cleaning, clipping and scouring grain, theexhaust fan F. so an ranged that it will exhaust the air downwardthrough the grain as it passes over a screen,

A, in combination with the screen A, and

bed B, the grain being received from cylinder 0 upon the screen A, saidscreen being of a width equal to the length of said cylinder 0. andbeing composed of sheet iron perforated with round holes aboutone-sixteenth or One eighth of an inch in diameter at regular intervalsso as to retain the grain upon its upper surface, and causing the grainto be drawn up to and against said holes by suction, and held in itsdownward course, and to permit only the dirt and smaller particles topass through it, substantially as shown, and for the purpose specified.

3. In an apparatus for scouring, clipping and cleaning grain, theexhaust fan F., in combination with the vibrating screen A. the bed B.,suitable flexible air tight connection between said tan and bed andscreen, and so arranged that the air may be exhausted down- Ward throughthe screen A. and the grain thereon, substantially as described and forthe purpose specified.

4. In an apparatus for cleaning clipping and scouring grain, thehorizontal reel R, with longitudinal stirring bars parallel to its axis,in combination with the horizontal cylindrical case 0 with longitudinalreceiving hopper S and similar discharging outlet 0.

, and screen A, and bed B, and exhaust fan F,

and hopper spout H, so arranged as to feed the grain into the case 0alongits whole length and to scour or clip the grain by passing itdirectly around the cylinder from the hopper S to discharging outlet 0.,substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

DANIEL HOGAN.

WVitnesses:

JOHN WALKER, F. H. DONNELLEY.

